NEC 2023 Compliance for Snap Switches as Disconnecting Means

When Working Space Requirements Apply

The National Electrical Code (NEC) requires working space for electrical equipment that is likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized (NEC 110.26(A)). Whether these requirements apply to snap switches depends on their purpose and location.

1. Snap Switch in an Accessible Location

When a snap switch is mounted in an easily accessible location, such as on a wall or countertop, and functions as a disconnecting means for a permanently connected appliance:

• It is primarily for operational control.
• It is not "equipment likely to require maintenance while energized."
• Therefore, the working clearance requirements of NEC 110.26(A) do not apply.

2. Snap Switch in a Confined or Less Accessible Location

When the snap switch is installed in a confined or less accessible location, such as inside a cabinet, under a counter, or near the appliance, and serves as a disconnecting means:

• It is considered "equipment" likely to require examination or servicing during maintenance activities.
• Its placement in a less accessible location increases the likelihood of needing compliance with working space requirements.
• In this case, NEC 110.26(A) working space requirements do apply to ensure safety during maintenance.

Snap Switches as Disconnecting Means

NEC 404.14

Snap switches are permitted as disconnecting means if they are rated appropriately for the appliance or equipment they serve.

NEC 422.31(B)

For permanently connected appliances rated over 300 VA or 1/8 horsepower, the disconnecting means must:

• Be readily accessible.
• Disconnect all ungrounded conductors.

NEC 422.34

A unit switch (such as a snap switch) may serve as the disconnecting means if it:

• Disconnects all ungrounded conductors.
• Is part of the appliance or located in a readily accessible position.

Working Space Requirements Per NEC 110.26(A)

Snap switches acting as disconnecting means must comply with NEC 110.26(A) if:

• The switch is considered "electrical equipment" requiring servicing while energized.
• The switch’s location poses accessibility challenges, such as being installed in a confined space or in proximity to the appliance.

The required clearances are:

• Depth: Per Table 110.26(A)(1), the depth is 3 feet for 0–150 volts to ground, Condition 1 (no exposed live parts).
• Width: At least 30 inches or the width of the equipment, whichever is greater.
• Height: Extends from the floor to a height of 6.5 feet or the height of the equipment, whichever is greater.

Conclusion

Snap switches used as disconnecting means must comply with NEC 110.26(A) working space requirements when their location or function increases the likelihood of energized servicing. Easily accessible switches for operational control do not require working space, but switches installed near the appliance or in confined spaces do.